Vietnam War Escalation and Americanization

The Vietnam war escalation began with the Gulf of Tonkin incident. On August 2, 1964, USS Maddox, an American destroyer, was attacked in the Gulf of Tonkin by three North Vietnamese torpedo boats while conducting an intelligence mission. A second attack seemed have occurred two days later, though the reports were sketchy (It now appears that there was no second attack). This second â€Å"attack† led to US air strikes against North Vietnam and the passage of the Southeast Asia (Gulf of Tonkin) Resolution by Congress. This resolution permitted the president to conduct military operations in the region without a formal declaration of war and became the legal justification for escalating the conflict. Bombing Begins In retribution for the incident in the Gulf of Tonkin, President Lyndon Johnson issued orders for the systematic bombing of North Vietnam, targeting its air defenses, industrial sites, and transportation infrastructure. Beginning on March 2, 1965, and known as Operation Rolling Thunder, the bombing campaign would last over three years and would drop an average of 800 tons of bombs a day on the north. To protect US air bases in South Vietnam, 3,500 Marines were deployed that same month, becoming the first ground forces committed to the conflict. Early Combat By April 1965, Johnson had sent the first 60,000 American troops to Vietnam. The number would escalate to 536,100 by the end of 1968. In the summer of 1965, under the command of General William Westmoreland, US forces executed their first major offensive operations against the Viet Cong and scored victories around Chu Lai (Operation Starlite) and in the Ia Drang Valley. This latter campaign was largely fought by the 1st Air Cavalry Division which pioneered the use of helicopters for high speed mobility on the battlefield. Learning from these defeats, the Viet Cong seldom again engaged American forces in conventional, pitched battles preferring instead to resort to hit and run attacks and ambushes. Over the next three years, American forces focused on searching and destroying Viet Cong and North Vietnamese units operating in the south. Frequently mounting large-scale sweeps such as Operations Attleboro, Cedar Falls, and Junction City, American and ARVN forces captured large amounts of weapons and supplies but rarely engaged large formations of the enemy. Political Situation in South Vietnam In Saigon, the political situation began to calm in 1967, with the rise of Nguyen Van Theiu to the head of the South Vietnamese government. Theiu’s ascent to the presidency stabilized the government and ended a long series of military juntas that had administered the country since Diem’s removal. Despite this, the Americanization of the war clearly showed that the South Vietnamese were incapable of defending the country on their own.

Social Learning Theory Developed It s Reputation

Social learning theory asserts that learning is a cognitive process that takes place in a social context and can occur purely through observation or direct instruction, even in the absence of motor reproduction or direct reinforcement. Famously adopted by Albert Bandura and his colleagues at Stanford University in the 1960’s, the development of social learning theory was revolved around a four step model. These four models included attention (the individual subject must attend to the media as well as witness aggressive behavior), retention (the subject must have the ability to retain the behavior seen in order to replicate for later retrieval), motor reproduction (the subject must be able to perform said behavior), and motivation (there†¦show more content†¦The second reason I chose Charles was because he has a bit of a temper and I thought that would come in handy while observing how a violent video could affect someone who might not have the a lot of patience. Charl es decided to choose the game Fallout 4 to be played by himself in his isolated basement. Fallout 4 is a violent, action filled adventure that is set in a post apocalyptic Boston in the year 2287. Charles described how he had played the other three Fallout’s before, but never like this was it so difficult. Almost immediately, signs of stress and anger hit Charles. His connection was not letting him access the online version of the game. By merely trying to get the game to work, Charles displayed a behavioral change. Finally, after a good seven minutes of feeding various wires through the TV, Charles began to play. Within the first twenty minutes he seemed somewhat relaxed, but this soon changed as he progressed through the game. From sitting casually in his seat, to standing up and moving closer and closer to the TV, Charles was completely infiltrated by the obstacles in a particular level of Fallout 4. It came to the point where he would question himself constantly. For exam ple, Charles stated, â€Å"Why do I constantly die in the same spot?† Loudly enough, it was easy to distinguish his behavioral changes. Typically he likes to joke around, but it seemed like focus was one hundred percent on the video

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